Poha consumption and Glycemic control, An experimental Study

N. M. Jose

Dean, Srinivasa Institute of Nursing Sciences, Mangalore.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: njosemathai@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Back ground of the study- A research study on poha consumption and glycemic control was conducted with the objective of assessing the efficacy of glycemic control. The population included patients with type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. They were allowed to continue their normal life pattern during the addition of poha as a diet. Meterials and Methods- A one group pretest post test design was used for the study. The sample size was 100. The setting was a selected village in Mangalore taluk in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka. Systematic sampling was used for the study. Results- The post test GRBS levels of all the patients were lesser than the pretest levels. Patients had no additional complaints. The study was done at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion- Poha is a part of occasional diet in south India. Due to the ignorance of glycemic control effect of this food, people do not consume it regularly. Daily consumption of this food is very effective in controlling hyperglycemia by slow release of glucose from the body. Large scale awareness has to be created among diabetic population regarding the efficacy of this food.

KEYWORDS: Poha, Glycemic control, Cellulose, Polymer, Glycosidic bond, Insulin, OHA, Ruminococcus, GRBS, combination therapy.

INTRODUCTION:

Glycemic control is a health problem in the middle and old age. The direct cause of the deregulation of glucose metabolism is inadequate insulin availability. Other causes include medications, overeating,¹overweight, anxiety, depression, renal impairment, low fibre diet, dyslipidemia, no physical activity, etc. According to WHO² 14.5% of the global deaths are due to poor glycemic control. Out of this 7.25% are below the age of 60 years. Persistent hyperglycemia causes gradual multiorgan failure.

POHA, the rice flakes are well known for it’s contents. 100 grams of POHA contains³calories-110, carbs- 18 grams, VIT.A-67.6mcg, VIT.C-1.9mg, Iron-6.1mg, phosphorous-79.7mg, protein 2.3grms, fat-.2grms, fibre.3 gram, Other contents include antioxidants, probiotics, etc. POHA also delays the appetite making the slow release of glucose. There are different types of fibers in food, and in most of the the occasions, they occur in mixed form. They⁴are cellulose-1, hemicelluloses, pectin and lignin. Cellulolysis is seen only in ruminating animals. They do it with the help of cellulase produced by their normal flora ruminococcus albus and ruminococcus flave faciens.

Fiber in the food can be soluble fiber or insoluble fiber. Soluble fiber is water soluble and contains plant pectin and gum. Insoluble fibre will not dissolve in water and contains plant cellulose and hemicellulose. Majority of the plants will have soluble and insoluble fibre in varying proportions. Soluble fibre reduces blood cholesterol and blood sugar. Insoluble fiber adds bulk to the stool, regulates bowel habit and also increases insulin efficiency.

Cellulose⁵ (C6H10 O5) is a structural plant polysaccharide which is a polymer arranged in parallel strands without intersheet hydrogen bonding. The enzyme cellulase catalyses the decomposition of the cellulose polysaccharide by simply breaking down the Beta 1,4 glycosidic bonds. There are 3 types of cellulases/glucanases involved in hydrolyzing cellulose microfibrils in the plant cell wall. They are endoglucanase, exoglucanase and beta glucosidase/ processive endoglucanases.

The method of treating sustained hyperglycemia/diabetes mellitus is through insulin⁶(C257, H383, N65, O77, S6) or by using oral hypoglycemic agents. Insulin is a dimer with alpha and beta chain linked together by a disulphide bond. The most advanced experimental method of treatment is by cellular reprogramming or beta cell transplant/pancreatic tissue transplant.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Design- One group pretest-treatment-post test method. N=100, Glucose estimation-Fasting GRBS method of assessment- at day-1. Treatment-POHA for 6 days. Fasting GRBS on day -7-Attrition-nil, sampling-systematic. Population –Diagnosed Diabetic patients on mono or multi drug regime, Setting-a selected village in Mangalore. statistical analysis- paired ’t’ test. Ho-There is no significant difference between POHA consumption and glycemic control. Ha-There is a significant difference between POHA consumption and glycemic control. The study was conducted within a period of 3 months in 5 phases.

RESULTS:

The Ho that, there will be no significant difference between POHA consumption and glycemic control is rejected and Ha is accepted. Significance level is p<0.05. As per the post test GRBS values, the glycemic control was found to be better than the pretest level, after receiving POHA. To be precise, the period of euglycemic hours were more than the pretreatment glycemic level. Not much adverse reactions were reported through out the study. The patients were advised to carry out their normal routine, such as consumption of usual food and prescribed drugs.

RECCOMMENDATION:

POHA inclusion in daily diet can significantly gain in glycemic control of Diabetic patients.

REFERENCES:

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Received on 22.06.2022 Modified on 29.06.2022

Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2022; 10(3):267-268.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2022.00062